OEL-1026: Remove striptags filter and use field_value.

modules/oe_whitelabel_event/templates/node--oe-event--teaser.html.twig

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
     '#attributes': {
       class: 'text-muted text-nowrap me-4-5',
     },
-    '#value': content.oe_event_dates|render|striptags,
+    '#value': content.oe_event_dates|field_value,
   },
   badges: badges|render|default([])
 }) }}